Application icon

Fold Characters Substitutions

The Re-encode statement's Fold Characters mode replaces various Unicode characters with their ISO-8859-1 equivalents. The following substitutions are by default performed:



From Text From Graphic From Hex Value To Text To Graphic To Hex Value
Grave accent1 ` 60 Apostrophe ' 27
Acute accent1 ´ B4 Apostrophe ' 27
Double acute accent ˝ 2DD Quotation mark " 22
Hyphen 2010 Hyphen-minus - 2D
Non breaking hyphen 2011 Hyphen-minus - 2D
Figure dash 2012 Hyphen-minus - 2D
En dash 2013 Hyphen-minus - 2D
Em dash 2014 Hyphen-minus - 2D
Left single quotation mark 2018 Apostrophe ' 27
Right single quotation mark 2019 Apostrophe ' 27
Single high reversed-9 quotation mark 201B Apostrophe ' 27
Left double quotation mark 201C Quotation mark " 22
Right double quotation mark 201D Quotation mark " 22
Double high reversed-9 quotation mark 201F Quotation mark " 22
Prime 2032 Apostrophe ' 27
Double prime 2033 Quotation mark " 22
  1. While this is a valid ISO-8859-1 character, it's standalone usage is in practice typically used to represent a single quote.

You can replace or add to the default substitutions by creating a Replacement Set which has been given the special Fold Character status (F). If a Replacement Set with the special Fold Character status can be located its contents will be used to define the transformations. If such a set cannot be found, the default values displayed in the above table will be used.

If you wish to create a set with the built in substitutions to start with, you can do so via the Create a Set With the Default Fold Character Values context menu item. Note that the created set will not automatically be supplied the special Fold Character status.

When analyzing the fold character replacement set, the following applies: